Zadeve, ki zahtevajo pozornost pri izbiri razsvetljave za učilnico
Poudarek pri razsvetljavi učilnice je izbira svetilk. Svetlobno okolje učilnice mora ustrezati zahtevam pisanja učencev in učiteljev na namizju in tabli. Zato je treba pri izbiri svetilk in luči upoštevati značilnosti učilnega okolja ter izbrati razumne oblike svetilk in načine osvetlitve. Upoštevati je treba naslednje:
1. Relativno ozke učilnice, običajno ne več kot 6 m široke in ne več kot 8 m dolge. Svetilke za učilnice, ki so pravokotne na smer tabele, potrebujejo le dva stolpca, skupaj 4-6 učilnic pa lahko izpolni zahteve glede osvetlitve. Za izbiro takšnih učilnic je veliko prostora. Dokler sta izbrani ustrezen položaj in višina svetilk, lahko splošne žarnice izpolnijo zahteve.
2. V sorazmerno veliki učilnici morajo imeti učilnice, ki so pravokotne na smer table, več kot tri stebre oziroma učilnice z nameščenimi več kot 8 svetilkami. Takšne učilnice morajo uporabljati majhne žarnice z zrcalnimi rešetkami. Po formuli UGR za izračun bleščanja v učilnici je pozicijski koeficient svetilk na sredinski črti učilnice največji, vrednost površinske svetlosti svetilk na sredinski črti pa je tudi največja, zato je število nameščenih svetilk na sredinski črti je treba pri oblikovanju zmanjšati.
3. Use special blackboard lamps. According to the relevant standard requirements, the blackboard lamps cannot have glare effects on the teachers on the podium when working. It is generally believed that blackboard lamps cannot be installed within a range of 45 degree above the teacher's line of sight when a teacher is giving a lecture. This puts forward requirements for the installation height of blackboard lamps. At the same time, considering the possible position conflict with other teaching equipment, it is best to have a blackboard lamp designed to be liftable.
4. The installation positions of lamps can be divided according to the functional areas of the classroom. The classroom is mainly divided into two parts, the podium area and the student desk area. The podium area is mainly the work area of teachers. If the lighting of the blackboard meets the requirements of the standard, there is generally no need to add lamps to illuminate the podium area in this area, and only the blackboard lamps and reflected light can meet the lighting requirements. Student desk area, according to GB 50099-2011 "Code for Design of Primary and Secondary Schools", including the range from 2.5m from the blackboard to 0.6m from the back wall of the classroom. This area must meet the relevant requirements in the standard. The installation location of classroom lamps should also be mainly aimed at this area, rather than installing lamps from the podium.
5. Requirements for special classrooms. Most of the school are ordinary classrooms, in addition to laboratory, art room, computer room, gymnastics room, recording and broadcasting classrooms and other special classrooms, the special requirements of these classrooms should be considered in the design stage. For example, the illuminance limit of the art classroom is 500lx, and the color rendering index of the light source must reach Ra90 or more; special laboratories (physics laboratories, chemistry laboratories, etc.) generally use dark rubber table mats, and the reflectivity of the desk will increase. When descending, students sometimes stand to perform experimental operations, which will block light, so local lighting equipment should be equipped if necessary; the computer room should design the position and height of lamps according to the position of the computer to avoid reflected glare on the computer screen; gymnastics room and Vertical lighting equipment should be added to the recording and broadcasting classrooms, so that students can see the teacher's facial expressions clearly.
